Gynaecology Diseases and Surgery Blogs

A woman's body goes through many changes during her reproductive years, and gynaecological problems are common. Here are some of the conditions women most often see a gynaecologist for.

A period lasts about five days on average, and blood loss is usually about 4 ounces (8 tablespoons). Many women have one heavier day with lighter days before and after. Some women normally bleed up to twice the average amount and are still within the normal range.

However, heavy bleeding for many days, clots or severe cramps should be checked by a gynaecologist. Treatment depends on the cause and can include medicines, or a procedure if bleeding is severe.

Vaginal yeast infections are a common cause of itching and irritation, and about three in four women have at least one in their lifetime. They happen when the yeast that normally lives in the vagina overgrows.

Pregnancy, uncontrolled diabetes, antibiotics and some contraceptive pills can make them more likely, as can perfumed hygiene sprays and tight, poorly ventilated clothing. Most yeast infections clear with simple medicines, but repeated infections should be assessed.

Fibroids are non-cancerous growths of muscle and tissue in the wall of the uterus. They can cause heavy or painful periods, frequent urination or difficulty conceiving.

Hysterectomy was once the main treatment, but many fibroids need no treatment or only medicines. When treatment is needed, options include minimally invasive surgery such as laparoscopic or hysteroscopic myomectomy, which removes the fibroids and preserves the uterus.

In endometriosis, tissue similar to the lining of the uterus grows outside it, for example on the ovaries or pelvic lining. This tissue responds to monthly hormones and can bleed, causing inflammation, pain and scar tissue, and sometimes affecting fertility.

Mild symptoms may be managed with pain relief and hormonal treatment. More severe disease, or endometriosis affecting fertility, may need laparoscopic surgery.

See a gynaecologist if you have very heavy or irregular bleeding, pelvic pain, repeated infections, pain during intercourse, or difficulty conceiving. Early assessment usually means simpler treatment.